A B S T R A C TSatisfaction is considered one of the effective methods for evaluating the success of urban development plans and projects, and it is a tool to measure which type of housing and residential environment meets the needs, expectations, and aspirations of residents. This article aims to compare Amiriyeh and Pay-eToop neighborhoods in Bojnord city in terms of residents' satisfaction with living in these neighborhoods. Using a questionnaire, the data was obtained by a survey from 229 heads of sample households living in Bojnoord city. The residents' satisfaction is analyzed by 26 indicators set as home and neighborhood indices. The data is entered into SPSS software to run the One Sample T-Test and calculate statistical parameters. Also, the data is entered in Arc GIS in accordance with the UTM coordinates of the responder's locations to provide a GIS point layer to use zoning maps to be drawn. Residential satisfaction is lower than average and slightly higher in Pay-eToop than in Amiriyeh. Also, the average score of the indicators that are set as home indices is lower than those for neighborhood indices. The zoning maps indicate that most parts of the neighborhoods show an average level of satisfaction with housing, and the maps of different indicators are not much different from each other. The role of physical indicators in low satisfaction is much more significant than social indicators. To improve satisfaction, paying attention to the neighborhood regeneration and improving the housing quality is necessaryExtended AbstractIntroductionSatisfactory housing is one of the most valuable aspects of life and one of the main elements of people's living standards. The higher the level of satisfaction with a place, the more people will feel a sense of belonging to that place and feel more relaxed about being there. The feeling of satisfaction from a place can cause the positive effects of the place in the process of relationships in which the environment is being formed and carried out. On the one hand, satisfaction measurement is considered one of the effective methods of evaluating the success of urban programs and plans. On the other hand, it is a tool to measure which type of housing and residential environment currently meets its residents' needs, expectations, and aspirations. MethodologyThe residents' satisfaction is analyzed by 26 indicators set as home and neighborhood indices. A questionnaire gathers the data. Household heads in the studied neighborhoods (Amirieh and Pay-e Toop) are randomly selected as 229 sample people. The sample people evaluate the items in the questionnaire in a 5-range of the Likert scale from very high to very low. The qualified range was then changed to quantified scores from 5 to 1. Afterward, they were entered into SPSS software to run the One Sample T-Test and calculate other statistical parameters. The address of each respondent is included in the questionnaires, and based on the address, the UTM coordinates of the respondent are determined using Google Earth. Then, the information from the questionnaires is entered into the GIS according to the coordinates to provide a GIS point layer for drawing zoning maps. Results and discussionThe score of 2.75, which is the average figure of the evaluation scores for all the indicators of both neighborhoods, indicates that residential satisfaction is lower than the assumed average score (3). The average scores are 2.90 and 2.57 for Pay-e Toop and Amirieh neighborhoods, respectively, and they indicate that the residential satisfaction in the first is slightly higher than the other. Pay-e Toop is the oldest neighborhood in Bojnoord, which accommodates the traditional complex of shops (Bazar) and essential physical elements of historical eras, such as the city's citadel. In addition to the high proportion of immigrants, it also includes deep-rooted and native families that have strong social relationships. Also, the average score for the neighborhood indices is slightly higher than for the home indices. The average figure for all 26 indicators is lower than the assumed average score (3) and indicates a lower residential satisfaction. Five indicators with the higher satisfaction score are as follows: relationship with neighbors, living in the ancestral neighborhood, the situation of streets and ways, living with relatives, and the quality of wastewater disposal. On the contrary, lower satisfaction scores belong to the indicators of access to shopping centers, healthcare service centers, the size of homes, and access to public transportation, respectively. Despite the fame of the gardens of Bojnord in previous centuries, in recent decades, most of the gardens disappeared, especially in the city's central business district, which corresponds to the two studied neighborhoods; there is a small area of land covered by parks and green spaces. Green spaces are mainly the small green strips on the edge or in the middle of the streets. For Amiriye and Pay-e Toop neighborhoods, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the respondents' education levels and their scores of residential satisfaction are -0.36 and -0.23, respectively. It implies that residential satisfaction has an inverse relationship with education. Also, the correlation coefficient between the residence length in the neighborhood and residential satisfaction scores are +.001 and -0.29, respectively (for Amirieh and Pay-e Toop neighborhoods). It also indicates no relation for the first neighborhood and an inverse relation for the other.The zoning map of all the indicators shows that in more than 90% of the neighborhood area, the level of satisfaction is in the medium range. In Amirieh, the parts with low satisfaction are scattered. It can be said that the northeastern edge of the Amirieh neighborhood and the southwestern edge of the Pay-e Toop neighborhood have lower satisfaction. ConclusionThe role of physical indicators in low satisfaction is much more significant than social indicators. The physical components of the neighborhoods caused a low level of satisfaction. On the contrary, higher satisfaction is revealed from the socio-cultural components. Households prefer the quality of services more than the availability of services. In medium-sized cities such as Bojnoord, neighborhood relations, closeness to relatives, and living in neighborhoods where the ancestors lived are still decisive in creating residential satisfaction. To improve life satisfaction, paying attention to housing quality and the regeneration of both neighborhoods is necessary. Also, improvement, retrofitting, enhancing the quality of the building, and improving the quality of urban services, especially healthcare services, public transportation, and commercial services, should be considered. FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAuthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Introduction: The concept of destination marketing has been a key factor in the strategy of many local communities for more than a decade, seeking to gain a competitive advantage in a particular field (eg, production, tourism, art, sports). Today, Tourism destinations have fierce competition with each other. Tourist destinations marketing provides a way to differentiate a destination from its competitors and is considered as an important tool to increase the competitiveness of tourism destinations. Revisit Intention is one of the concepts considered in destination marketing. One of the issues facing tourism marketers is determining the factors associated with the intention to revisit tourists so that they can be effective in re-attracting current tourists. The destination brand image is an important factor in the development of tourism and destination marketing. In fact, tourists travel to destinations to visit their mental images. The destination personality attributes human personality traits (eg, intimate, exciting, attractive, etc. ) to a tourist destination. The character of the destination creates a special kind of tourism experience. In fact, the tourism experience is the essence of the tourism industry and hospitality. Researchers argue that memorable tourism experiences affect tourist satisfaction and are the best predictor of future tourist behavior. The present study examines the impact of the destination brand image on the revisit intention, introduces suitable grounds for the success of tourism destinations, and offers strategies to guide tourism managers. Therefore, this study examines the mediating role of selected components of tourist destination marketing, including the memorable experience of tourism, destination personality and satisfaction in the relationship between the destination image and the intention to revisit the tourist destination. Methodology: The present study is an applied and descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of the study included tourists visiting Ardabil in the spring of 2019. Also in the present study, the data collection tool is the standard questionnaire consisting of 26 main questions for the variables of the destination brand image, intention to revisit the destination, destination personality, experience and satisfaction of the destination, which is based on 5-point Likert range. According to Morgan's table, the sample size was estimated at 384 people. We distribute 450 questionnaires and 420 complete questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Cronbach's alpha results and the combined reliability coefficient (CR) confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire. To analyze the hypotheses, Lisrel software and structural equation modeling methods were used to test the hypotheses derived from the theoretical research model. Results and discussion: This group of people, with a total of 160 people, accounted for 38. 1% of the total sample size. In addition, people with a bachelor's degree show a higher frequency than other members of the sample. With a large population of 223, the group accounted for a total of 53. 1% of the total sample. Also, in the study of the number of trips to Ardabil, 4 to 5 times with a frequency of 150 people had the highest frequency. In the variable study period of residence, 2 to 3 days with a frequency of 122 people, in total, 29% of the total sample has been allocated. Also, in the study of income variable, it was found that people with an income of 10 to 20 million Rials with 168 people had the highest frequency. The first hypothesis of the research states that the destination image affects the intention to revisit it; the T-value of this hypothesis is 7. 79, which indicates that this hypothesis is confirmed. Also, the beta coefficient of this hypothesis (β ) is equal to 0. 76, since the path coefficient obtained is positive, so this relationship is direct. In order to test the other three hypotheses of the research, which have an intermediate variable, the Sobel test was used according to the obtained path coefficient. The z-value of the three hypotheses-that had a intermediate variable-was 2. 38, 8. 45 and 2. 65. Based on the results of the research, it can be said that the destination personality, the memorable experience of the tourist and the satisfaction of the destination in the relationship between the destination brand image and the revisit intention, have a positive and significant mediating role. Conclusion: The results of the hypotheses confirmed the positive relationship between the destination brand image and the revisit intention and also confirmed the mediating role of the destination personality, experience and satisfaction of the destination; therefore, focusing on improving the brand image of the destination can be one of marketing strategies to increase competitiveness and differentiation of destination. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the destination management improve the mental image of the destination among tourists by carrying out advertising and promotional activities. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the destination managers, create the facilities of tourism infrastructure and valuable features in the tourist destinations, in order to improve the satisfaction and loyalty of tourists to the destination. According to the research results, destination managers should pay more attention to improving the quality of tourists' experience when determining and formulating long-term strategies; In order to create the facilities of tourism infrastructure and valuable features in tourism destinations, more serious efforts should be made to improve the satisfaction and loyalty of tourists to their destinations. Also, in order to motivate the reuse of tourism services, the consumption behavior of tourists should be analyzed and their basic needs should be identified.

tourism marketers in an increasingly competitive market are quickly adopting branding strategies similar to what product marketers uses in order to emphasize the uniqueness of tourism destinations they represent. Brand personality, satisfaction, and customer identification with the brand are important drivers of consumer behavior in several contexts. However, the literature lacks studies on these constructive role in tourist behavior. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the destination personality on the revisit and promotion of tourism destinations in Kurdistan province. Therefore, the present study in terms of purpose is functional, in terms of nature, descriptive and in terms of research methodology, is a survey. Statistical community of this study, includes domestic tourists from Kurdistan province, especially the three most popular cities of Sanandaj, Marivan and Baneh. With regard to the unlimited statistical community, the number of sample members according to the Cochran formula was 384. A questionnaire was used to collect data and data was analyzed by structural equation modeling using PLS software. The results of this study show that five personality traits in Kurdistan province are respectively: Original, Friendly, Warm, Charming, Down-to-earth. Also, the results of the research hypotheses showed that the destination personality has a positive effect on the tourist satisfaction, tourist– identification with destination, promotion of destination and revisit intention; The tourist satisfaction has a positive effect on the tourist– destination identification, promotion of the destination and revisit intention, Identification on the promotion of the destination and revisit intention has a positive effect.

This study aims to examine Iran's destination image among tourists before and after their trip. Given the significance of a positive and distinct image in the competitive tourism industry, the research aims to assess changes in tourists' perceptions and preferences regarding various destination components. Data was collected through the secondary analysis method, and this research utilizes data from the first wave of Iran's national tourism survey. The statistical population comprises tourists entering Iran, with a sample size of 382 determined using Cochran's sampling formula. Foreign tourists in Isfahan were surveyed on nine destination components before and after their visit. The research findings indicate a significant improvement in the destination image across all components after tourists visited Iran compared to their perceptions before the trip. Notably, the people and security components experienced the most substantial changes. The reliability of people, satisfaction with accommodation, food, and the hospitality of Iranians emerged as the most influential factors contributing to the enhanced afterimage of the destination among foreign tourists. In conclusion, this study underscores the pivotal role of a positive destination image in influencing tourists' perceptions and satisfaction. The observed improvements in destination image components post-visit highlight the effectiveness of the tourism experience in shaping favorable impressions. Destination management and marketing strategies can leverage these findings to enhance Iran's appeal as a tourist destination in the competitive global landscape. Extended Abstract Introduction The image of the destination means a set of beliefs and attitudes towards the travel destination. Today, tourism has become an important industry, and its success requires presenting a favorable and distinct image from other competitors. Several factors, including tourist satisfaction with the trip, can influence destination self-image. The current paper aims to study the destination's image for the tourists entering Iran before and after the trip. The main factor of this process is managing perception and creating an attractive and distinct image of the destination. Iran, a historical-cultural country with various tourist attractions, is considered a suitable destination for foreign tourists. However, despite its great capacity to attract foreign tourists, Iran has remained neglected in the tourism market. It has accounted for less than one percent (0. 84) of the share of tourism income in the world. This amount is in the situation that Iran ranks tenth in the world in terms of historical and ancient attractions and fifth in the world in terms of ecotourism. Gaining the satisfaction of tourists and presenting a favorable image to their expectations will lead to the growth and prosperity of tourism and improve the image of Iran in the world arena. The current research seeks to answer these questions:-What differences exist between the perceptions of foreign tourists about the destination before and after their visit?-And what is the relationship between tourists' destination image and travel satisfaction?   Methodology This research was done using the secondary analysis method on the data from the first wave of Iran's national tourism survey. The statistical population included tourists entering Iran, and the sample size was estimated to be 382 based on Cochran's sampling formula. The foreign tourists present in Isfahan were asked what they thought about the 9 components, such as tourist attractions, weather, infrastructure, transportation, restaurants and food, shopping markets, security, and the host people before traveling to Iran and after the experience. All 9 measured components are effective and essential in choosing a travel destination. The participants' responses are on a Likert scale (very good-very bad). Satisfaction with tourist attractions is measured with the components of attractiveness, uniqueness, authenticity, cleanliness, and hygiene in the form of a Likert scale.   Results and discussion To evaluate the image of tourists from Iran, the present study used components, including tourist attractions, weather, infrastructure, transportation, restaurants and food, shopping markets, security, and people, which, in all cases, the average image of the destination after the trip to Iran was higher than the image of the destination before the journey. Also, this desirability for the people and security component has brought the most changes for tourists before and after their trip to Iran. The results of this research showed that the most effective factors in the afterimage of the destination among foreign tourists are the reliability of the people and satisfaction with the accommodation, satisfaction with the food, and hospitality of the Iranian people.   Conclusion This study showed that Iran is a more suitable and desirable destination for elderly foreign tourists than young tourists. Therefore, due to the growth of elderly tourism worldwide, efforts should be made to pay more and better attention to the infrastructure conditions and facilities older people need in Iran. On the other hand, efforts and planning to attract other age groups should not be neglected. Foreign tourists traveling to Iran mainly want to visit tourist attractions, especially historical and natural ones. This shows that efforts to preserve and maintain these monuments and attractions are important for the growth of Iran's tourism industry. Also, the importance of nutrition during travel is not less than that of accommodation and other matters. Thus, it is very important to pay attention to the quality and variety of food according to the cultural differences among different nations. The result is that if we want to look for the factors with the most impact on the image of the destination in foreign tourists among the various components related to satisfaction, the two main characteristics are related to the people of the destination community, with the priority of trustworthiness and politeness and respect. The other two factors are related to food and accommodation. This result is important because it guides those involved in the tourism industry to prioritize strengthening different parts of the tourism service chain. Certainly, the limitation of budgets and facilities does not allow simultaneous and comprehensive strengthening of the service chain. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to prioritize different areas for strengthening.   Funding This article is financially supported by the Jihad University and the Country's Management and Planning Organization.   Authors’ Contribution The authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All authors approved the manuscript's content and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest, but none.   Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Due to increasing competition in tourism markets, destination management organizations are using branding in order to create a unique identity for their destination and tourism services and subsequently improve their positions in global markets. According to new tourism marketing approaches, tourist׳ s satisfaction from a certain destination is necessary but not enough. Tourist satisfaction is useful provided that it results to tourist׳ loyalty to that destination. in fact it is loyalty that generates long lasting benefits and competitive advantages in tourism market plea. Destination loyalty is one of the key concepts of destination branding in tourism marketing context. Destination loyalty is one of the key and very important challenges of tourism marketing. In fact, tourist satisfaction-which is necessary for the prosperity of tourism industry-creates long-term benefits provided that it results to tourists' loyalty to the destination. Tourist loyalty means that the tourist decides to revisit the destination and recommend it to others. This study was aimed to investigate the influential factors on destination loyalty based on brand theory and with the mediating effect of tourist satisfaction. To this end, 300 questionnaires were distributed among tourists in Kashan and 274 questionnaires were gathered. Kashan is one of the main tourism destinations in Iran. Although it is not a very large city, but it has many beautiful attractions and every year many Iranian and non-Iranian tourists visit Kashan in different seasons. The data was analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques using SPSS and LISREL. Confirming the results of previous studies, the structural equation modeling results revealed that destination image(including different dimensions such as the quality of travel experience, attractions, infrastructure, superstructure, entertainment and culture) is a key determinant of destination brand, having positive significant effects on destination personality and destination satisfaction. The positive relationship between tourist satisfaction from destination and his or her loyalty to that destination was also confirmed. These results confirmed the previous domestic and oversea studies regarding the relationship between destination image and satisfaction. Nevertheless, the influence of personality on satisfaction was not confirmed. In fact, in the sample studied, participants didn’ t show a significant relationship between destination personality and destination satisfaction. It is suggested to destination management organizations to implement necessary actions in order to improve destination image so as to increase tourists' satisfaction and achieve long-term advantages such as a more sustainable, competitive destination.

Objective: One of the most important factors that can affect the loyalty of tourists is the security of the destination. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of security on the loyalty of foreign tourists in Shiraz with the mediating role of satisfaction and destination image. Methods: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive and survey based on the nature and method. Research data were collected in the field through a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is foreign tourists visiting the city of Shiraz in 2019. The sample size was estimated to be equal to 200 tourists according to the Cochran’s formula and a simple random method was used to distribute the questionnaire. Data collected based on descriptive and inferential statistics methods have been analyzed. Results: The results showed that Security with a coefficient of 0.20 directly and with a coefficient of 0.07 with the mediating role of the destination image and with a coefficient of 0.26 with the mediating role of satisfaction has a positive effect on the loyalty of foreign tourists in Shiraz. The overall effect of security on the loyalty of foreign tourists is equal to 0.53. Conclusion: With the increase in the level of security and the improvement of this factor in the city of Shiraz, we will see an increase in the loyalty of foreign tourists to this city, which will lead to the further prosperity of the tourism industry of this city.